Recent Publications

“Crisis Management Lessons from the Clinton Administration’s Implementation of Presidential Decision Directive 56”
October 12, 2021 — In the wake of the Battle of Mogadishu, Somalia, on October 3-4, 1993, in which 19 American servicemembers were killed and 73 injured, I was tasked to lead an effort to discern the strategic lessons to be learned from the ill-fated US intervention. The study highlighted several shortfalls: the absence of a clear US strategy and whole-of-government plan for the operation, the onset of mission creep as the operation evolved from a humanitarian mission... MORE

Avoiding the Slippery Slope: Conducting Effective Interventions
June 4, 2013 — Author: Dr Thomas R Mockaitis View the Executive SummaryThis Letort Paper covers U.S. military interventions in civil conflicts since the end of the Cold War. It defines intervention as the use of military force to achieve a specific objective (i.e., deliver humanitarian aid, support revolutionaries or insurgents, protect a threatened population,... MORE

The International Community and Haiti: A Proposal for Cooperative Sovereignty
May 1, 2005 — Author: Dr Gabriel Marcella Each month a member of the SSI faculty writes an editorial for our monthly newsletter. This is the Op-Ed for the May 2005 newsletter.Read Now MORE

The Challenge of Haiti’s Future: Report on the Conference Sponsored by U.S. Army War College, Georgetown University, and the Inter-American Dialogue
August 22, 1997 — Authors: Dr Peter Hakim, Dr Abigail Horn, Dr Robert Maguire, Dr Max G Manwaring, Dr Donald E Schulz This Special Report contains an account of a conference on "The Challenge of Haiti's Future," sponsored by the U.S. Army War College, Georgetown University, and the Inter-American Dialogue, and held on February 10-11, 1997, on Capitol Hill,... MORE

Haiti Update
January 29, 1997 — Author: Dr Donald E Schulz Recent developments in Haiti including political assassinations attributed to both former Haitian military personnel and members of President Preval's presidential security unit have once again thrust that troubled country into the international spotlight. In the process, questions have been raised about the viability of... MORE

Whither Haiti?
April 1, 1996 — Author: Dr Donald E Schulz Dr. Donald E. Schulz looks at the prospects for political stability, democratization, and socioeconomic development. His conclusions are sobering. While by no means dismissing the possibility that Haiti can "make it," he presents a portrait of the imposing obstacles that must still be overcome and a detailed discussion of... MORE

Haiti Strategy: Control, Legitimacy, Sovereignty, Rule of Law, Handoffs, and Exit
October 1, 1994 — Author: Dr Gabriel Marcella Now that the armed forces of the United States have entered Haiti, what is the exit strategy? As the United States, the government of Jean-Bertrand Aristide, and the United Nations coalition establish order, it is best to be mindful of the tasks ahead: building a new authority system based on the rule of law, instilling... MORE

Reconciling the irreconcilable: The Troubled Outlook for U.S. Policy toward Haiti
March 1, 1994 — Authors: Dr Gabriel Marcella, Dr Donald E Schulz Few foreign policy issues have been more frustrating to the U.S. Government during the past year than the Haitian crisis. Thus, this report could not be more timely. The title is suggestive. The authors describe different courses of action and the steps that the United States might take to implement... MORE